高中三年级英语学案units15-16(b3)
【知识网络】
一、重点词汇与短语
1.acknowledgevt.承认;告知已收到,为……表示感谢
herefusedtoacknowledgedefeat/thathewasdefeated.
heacknowledgedhavingmadeamistake.
wemustnotfailtoacknowleagehisservicestothetown.
haveagoodknowledgeof对……非常了解
havenoknowledgeof对……不熟悉
bringsth.totheknowledgeofsb.让某人知道……
toone’sknowledge据某人所知
withouttheknowledgeof在……不知道的情况下
2.starvevi.挨饿;饿死starvationn.饥饿;饿死
theproudmansaidhewouldstarveratherthanbegforfood.
sheisstarvingforattention.
ihavebeenstarvingtoseeher.
starveforsth./todo渴望;急需要
starvetodeath饿死
3.fitin(with)与……相适应;与……相协调
thedoctormanagedtofitmeinthismorning.
iwillhappilychangemyplanstofitinwithyours.
4.possessvt.拥有;具有
whotakespossessionsofthepossessions?
thepossessionsareinthepossessionofmary.
possessnothing一无所有;possessor=owner拥有者;takepossessionof占有;拥有;inpossessonof拥有;占有;inthepossessionof被占有
5.holdback
(1)退缩,踌躇
whendangercame,nooneheldback.
(2)thepoliceheldbackthecrowd.
(3)阻碍
hispooreducationisholdinghimback.
(4)保留(实情,隐瞒)
heheldbackthefactthathewasseriouslyill.
holdon(打电话时)等着,别挂断;继续,持续下去
holdonto抓住,不放弃;拥有
holdout提出,伸出,维持
6.neverthelessadv.&conj.虽然如此;然而
hewastired;nevertheless/however,hekeptwriting.
ican’tgo.nevertheless,iappreciatetheinvitation.
heisoftenrudetome,butilikehimnevertheless.
二、词义辨析
persuade,convince与advise
(1)persuade和convince意思均为说服,前者着重情感上的“敦促,劝告”,后者着重理智方面的“辩论,证明”,两者结构相同。
persuade/convincesb.that…;persuade/convincesb.ofsth.
①hepersuadedmethatitwasnotworthbuying.他说服我,那东西不值得买。
(2)persuade还可表示说明某人做(或不做)某事,其结构为:
persuadesb.(not)todosth.;persuadesb.into/outofdoingsth.
②hepersuadedmetodothat.=hepersuademeintodoingthat.他说服我去做那件事。
(3)persuade和convince都表示结果,即说服了,若表示“说服”或“劝说”的动作,常用trytopersuade(或convince),也可用advise表示。
③iadvised(triedtopersuade)himtostartearlybuthedidn’tlisten.共
我说服他早点动身,可他不听。
三、重点句型
1.whatdoyouthinkteenagersinchinahaveincommonwiththoseinothercountries?
你认为中国的青年和外国的青少年有些什么共同之处?
doyouthink为插入成份,常插在特殊疑问句中,构成复杂的特殊疑问句,其构成形式为:疑问代词或疑问副词+插入成份+陈述部分you也可以换成其他代词。think也可以换成其他表达想法或看法的动词:believe,consider,suppose.,imagine,guess等。
whenandwheredoyouthinkwewillhaveapicnic?
你认为我们将在何时何地野餐?
howdoyousupposehepassedtheexam?
你猜他是如何通过考试的?
2.wouldyouliketomakeadifferencebybecomingavolunteer?
你愿意成为一位志愿者,从而使生活有所变化吗?
wouldlike/lovetodosth.意为“愿意/想要做……”,to为不定式,后接动词原形。
指点迷津:wouldlike/lovetohavedonesth.指过去本想做某事而实际上未做。
3.sinceluhaobeganhistwiceweeklyvisits,mr.zhao’shealthhasimproved.
自从鲁浩开始每周两次拜访他以来,赵老师的健康状况已大有好转。
since意为“自从……以来”,可作为连词、介词、副词,表示事情持续的起点。
指点迷津:以过去的时间为起点,持续到现在,多用现在完成时;从过去更早的时间持续到过去,多用过去完成时;从过去持续到将来,多和将来完成时连用。
itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since+一般过去时,可译为:自从……以来已经多长时间了。从句中动作多用非延续性动词。
4.everytimeheplaysfootballheiswatchedbythousandsofadoringbecksfansallovertheworld.
每次他踢足球时,全世界的热爱贝克汉姆的球迷们都注视着他。
everytime每一次,在此用作从属连词,引导时间状语从句。
【考点透视考例精析】
[考例1] theplace______thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe______thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.
a.which;where b.atwhich;which c.atwhich;where d.which;inwhich
[解析]c第一空是定语从句,第二句是表语从句。
[考例2] nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside, ______intheclothingindustry.
a.isworking b.works c. work d.worked
[解析]c主语的中心词是women,主谓一致,谓语动词用复数,时态是一般现在时。
[考例3]----doyouknowwheredavidis?icouldn’tfindhimanywhere.
----well.he_______havegonefar----hiscoat’sstillhere.
a.shouldn’t b.mustn’t c.can’t d.wouldn’t
[解析]c对于过去的猜测“不可能走了”,因为他的外套还在这儿。
[考例4] thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithout______hisnotes.
a.bringingup b.referringto c.lookingfor d.tryingon共
[解析]breferto参照讲稿。bringup“把……带大”; lookfor“寻找”; tryon“实验”。
【基础演练】
一、据首字母(汉语提示)填词,完成句子。
1.manysocialservicesarestillprovidedbyv____ __societies.
2.what’syour____ __(年)salary?
3.theyemploy___ ___(临时的)labourtopickthefruit.
4.thecitycouncil____ __(赞成)thebuildingplans.
5.shewas____ __(具有)ofawonderfulcalmtemperament.
6.heissolazythatit’sdifficulttoa___ ___hisability.
7.thehighcostisamajor___ ___(障碍).
8.ina__ ___togivingageneralintroductiontocomputers,thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience.
9.haveyougainedateaching___ ___(资格).
10.itisimportanttobe___ ___(准时)foryourclasses.
二、单项选择
1.______,thedancerspracticehardtomaketheirdreamscometrue.
a.beingdisabledasthey b.astheyaredisabled
c.disabledastheyare d.disabledsotheyare
2.sobiologistswere______earlythisyearwhen,withthehelpofthenavy,theywereableto______aparticularbluewhalefor43days,monitoringitssounds.
a.delighting;keeptrackof b.delighted;keepintouchwith
c.delighting;keepaneyeout d.delighted;keeptrackof
3.criticismfromcoaches,andotherteammates,aswellas______towin can create anexcessive(过度的)amountofanxietyforyoungathletes.
a.pressure b.reputation c.standard d.permission
4.whatyousaidwastrue.itwas,______,alittleunkind.
a.therefore b.nevertheless c.anyway d.thus
5.unlesstheworker’sdemandsare______,soontherewillbeastrike.
a.paid b.met c.permitted d.replied
6.haveyoueverreadthebook“thewolftotem”byjiangrong,______tellsthestoryoftherelationshipbetweenwolvesandhumanbeings?
a.whom b.that c.which d.as
7.createdin1420asanimperialpalace,theforbiddencity______inthecenterofbeijingfor600years.
a.hasstood b.stands c.tostand d.stood
8.______asia,europeancountrieshavestartedtoworryaboutbirdflu,asbirdsinfectedwiththedeadlyfluhasbeenfoundinromania,turkeyandrussia.共
a.excep t b.apart c.inadditionto d.beside
9.livingacrosstwocentries,bajinexperiencedmanyperiodsofdangerandsufferingbutneverlosthisbeliefs______apersonshouldtellthetruthandbeanhonestman.
a.what b.that c.when d.不填
10.theqinghai-tibetrailroad,______onoctober16,connectstibetwiththerestofchina.
a.completes b.completed c.completing d.completes
【能力拓展】
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
peoplecanbeaddictedtodifferentthings——e.g.alcohol,drug,certainfoods,oreventelevision.peoplewhohavesuchanaddictionarecompulsive:theyhaveaverypowerfulpsychologicalneedthattheyfeeltheymustsatisfy.accordingtopsychologists,manypeoplearecompulsivespenders.theyfeelthattheymustspendmoney.thiscompulsion,likemostothers,isimpossibletoexplainreasonably.forcompulsivespenderswhobuyoncredit,chargeaccountsareevenmoreexcitingthanmoney.inotherwords,compulsivespendersfeelthatwithcredit,theycandoanything.theirpleasureinspendinglargeamountsisactuallygreaterthanthepleasurethattheygetfromthethingstheybuy.thereisevenaspecialpsychologyofbargainhunting.tosavemoney,ofcourse,mostpeoplelookforsales,lowprices,anddiscounts.compulsivebargainhunters,however,oftenbuythingsthattheydon?tneedjustbecausetheyarecheap.theywanttobelievethattheyarehelpingtheirbudgets,buttheyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame.whentheycanbuysomethingforlessthanotherpeople,theyfeelthattheyarewinners.mostpeople,expertsclaim,havetworeasonsfortheirbehavior:agoodreasonforthethingsthattheydoandtherealone.
itisnotonlyscientists,ofcourse,whounderstandthepsychologyofspendinghabits,butalsobusinesspeople.stores,companies,andadvertisersusepsychologytoincreasebusiness.theyconsiderpeople’sneedsforlove,power,orinfluence,theirbasicvalues,theirbeliefsandopinions,andsoonintheiradvertisingandsalesmethods.
psychologistsoftenuseamethodcalled“behaviortherapy(疗法)”tohelpindividualssolve theirpersonalityproblems.inthesameway,theycanhelppeoplewhofeelthattheyhaveproblemswithmoney.
1.accordingtothepassage,thegreatestpleasureofcrazyshoppingforacompulsivespenderis______.
a.togetthingstheywant共
b.tomeettheirstrongpsychologicalneed
c.tospendalotofmoney
d.tomeettheirbasicneeds
2.accordingtothepassage,compulsivebargainhuntersconstantlysearchforthelowestpossibleprices______.
a.becausetheyfeelsatisfiediftheyspendlessmoneythanothers
b.becausetheyhavemoneyproblem
c.becausetheyliketoshowofftheirsuccessingettingthingsforlessmoney
d.becausetheywanttosavemoneytohelptheirbudget
3.whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
a.theuseofthepsychologyofspendingmoneyinbusiness.
b.aspecialpsychologyofbargaining.
c.amethodtohelpcompulsivespenderstosolvetheproblemofmoney.
d.thepsychologyofmoneyspendinghabits.
参考答案
高三部分
units15~16(b3)
基础演练
一、1.voluntary 2.annual 3.casual 4.approved 5.posessed 6.assess
7.drawback 8.addition 9.qualification 10.punctual
二、1.c 2.d 3.a 4.b 5.b 6.c 7.a 8.c 9.b 10.b
能力拓展
参考答案及解析:
1.c 文章第一段第七行theirpleasureinspendinglargeamountsis…可知。
2.a 文章第一段倒数第四行compulsivebargainhunters…可知。
3.d
共