高三英语theviolenceofnature教案
module3
theviolenceofnature基础自主回顾
ⅰ.课标单词
1.__________灾难(n.)
2.__________引起;导致(vt.)
3.__________家具(n.)
4.__________埋葬(vt.)
5.__________发生(vi.)
6.__________袭击(vt.&n.)
disaster
cause
furniture
bury
occur
strike7.__________毁坏(vt.)
8.__________以前的(adj.)
9.__________损失;损害(n.&v.)
10.__________经历(vt.)→____________有经验的(adj.)
11.__________猛烈的;激烈的(adj.)→__________暴力(n.)
ruin
previous
damage
experience
experienced
violent
violence12.__________(火山的)爆发;喷发(vt.)→__________(n.)
13.__________可能;可能性(n.)→__________(adj.)→________________(近义词)
14.__________吓人的;可怕的(adj.)→__________感到害怕的(adj.)→__________使害怕(vt.)
15.__________警告(n.)→__________(v.)
erupt
eruption
possibility
possibl
likely/probable
terrifying
terrified
terrify
warning
warnⅱ.常用短语
1.____________拾起;搭载;偶然学会;卷起
2.____________脱掉;去掉;起飞;兴旺
3.____________翻身;翻动
4.________________警告某人某事
5.____________平均起来
pickup
takeoff
turnover
warnsb.ofsth.
onaverage6.____________以……结束
7.____________=____________纵火烧,放火烧
8.____________在……积极
9.____________发生
10.____________总共,总计
11.____________涉及,提到;参考
endupwith
setfireto
set...onfire
beactivein
takeplace
inall
refertoⅲ.重点句型
1.theycandestroyhouses,but________thefurnitureinsideexactly____________.
它们能毁掉房子,却把房内的家具留在原处。
答案:leave;whereitwas
2.onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheuseachyear,________about80deathsand1,500injuries.
平均来说,美国每年发生800次龙卷风,造成大约80人死亡,1,500人受伤。
答案:causing3.____________,morethan700people____________and2,700hadbeeninjured.
等到风停时,已有700多人死亡,2700多人受伤。
答案:bythetimeitended;hadbeenkilled
4.montserratisabeautifulsmallislandinthecaribbean,only________________________.
蒙特塞拉特岛是加勒比海上的一个美丽的小岛,长仅16千米,宽10千米。
答案:16kilometreslongand10kilometreswideⅳ.模块语法
1.hesaidtome,“pleasesitdown.”
he________metositdown.
2.tomsaid,“i'mgoingtolondonwithmyfather.”
tomsaid________________goingtolondonwithhisfather.
3.hesaid,“youareyoungerthanme.”
hesaidiwasyoungerthan________.
asked
hewas
him4.hesaid,“mother,thehouseisonfire.”
hetoldhismother________thehouse________onfire.
5.hesaid,“ifihaveenoughtime,i'lldoit.”
hesaid________________________________enoughtime,he_______________it.共
6.heasked,“areyouapartymemberoraleaguemember?”
heaskedme_______________________apartymemberoraleaguemember.
that
was
thatifhehad
woulddo
whetheriwas7.hesaid,“don'tmakesomuchnoise,boys.”
he________theboys_______________makesomuchnoise.
8.theteachersaid,“theworldismadeupofmatter.”
theteachersaidthattheworld________madeupofmatter.
told
notto
is9.theysaid,“we'llgotheretomorrow.”
theysaidthatthey________gothere________next/followingday.
10.hesaid,“i'mafraidican'ttranslatethisbook.”
hesaidthathe________afraid________________translate________book.
would
the
was
hecouldn't
that考点探究解密
考点解读
1.experiencevt.,n.经历,经验
mygrandfatherexperiencedgreathardshipsintheolddays.①experiencedadj.有经验的
②beexperiencedin在……方面有经验
③inexperiencedadj.没有经验的,不熟练的
④learnby/throughexperience从经验中学习
⑤anunforgettableexperience难忘的经历
⑥workingexperience工作经验注意:experience作“经验”讲时是不可数名词,而作“经历”讲时是可数名词。
误区警示:experiencen.“经验”不可数;“经历,体验”可数。
mr.brownhasthirtyyears'teachingexperience.
布朗先生有30年的教学经验.
yesterdayafternoonfrankhawkinswastellingmeabouthisexperiencesasayoungman.
昨天下午,弗兰克•霍金斯正给我讲述他年轻时的经历。朗文在线:
①thejobrequiresnosecretarialexperience.
这个职位无需秘书工作的经验。
②inmyexperience,thesethingsneverlastverylong.
从我的经验来看,这些事情从未长久过。
③duringthewartheyexperiencedatfirsthandthehorrorofnightbombingraids.
在战争期间,他们亲身体验了夜间空袭的恐惧。命题方向:experience常与effort,skill等以词语辨析题的形式出现。
活学巧练:
(1)he'dlikean____________(经验丰富的)doctortotreathim.
(2)shehasno ____________(经验)incooking.
(3)pleasetellusofyour_____________(经历)whileinafrica.
(4)haveyouever____________(体验)realhunger?
experienced
experience
experiences
experienced(5)intheafter-classactivities,thestudentshadplentyof________andgainedalotofpractical________.
a.exercises;experience
b.practices;experience
c.practice;experience
d.exercise;experiences
答案与解析:c 句意:在课后活动中,学生拥有大量实践,从而获得许多实践经验。practice表示“实践”时为不可数名词,experience表示“经验”时也是不可数名词。2.causen.原因,起因;理由,缘故;事业,目标v.导致,使发生
精讲拓展:
①causeandeffect因果
②thecauseof ……的起因
③causeforcomplaint抱怨的理由共
④bein/foragoodcause为了正义事业
⑤causesb.todosth.导致某人去做某事
⑥causesb.trouble/problems给某人带来麻烦/问题误区警示:①cause表示原因后接介词of时,是可数名词;②cause表示理由后接介词for时,是不可数名词。
朗文在线:
①whatwasthecauseoftheaccident?
那场事故的起因是什么?
②howmanyofthemaresympathetictoourcause?
他们当中有多少人同情我们的事业?
③jimmy'sbehaviouriscausingmealotofproblems.
吉米的所作所为给我带来许多麻烦。命题方向:causesb.todosth.与cause(sb.)sth.是高考的重要考点。
活学巧练:
(1)the________(原因)whyhediedyoungwasthathedidn'tpayattentiontohishealth.
(2)carelessnessisoftenthe ________(原因)offires.
(3)what________(导致)yourmothertodoso?
reason
cause
caused(4)coldweathercan________thecropstodie.
a.make b.cause
c.let d.have
答案与解析:b a、c、d三项都是使役动词,宾补的不定式不带to。3.strikev.袭击,打击;逮住;给某人以印象n.打击,罢工
theviolenthurricanestruckthecityinmidnight.
①beonstrike在罢工
②goonstrike举行罢工
③itstrikessb.that某人突然想到
④strikingadj.显著的,惊人的
⑤floodstrikenareas洪涝灾区
⑥whatstrikessb.mostis...某人最感动的是……注意:指自然灾害侵袭某一地区时,可用strike也可用hit,但不可用beat或attack。
误区警示:strike表示“突然想到,给予……印象”时,往往是物作strike的主语,人作宾语。朗文在线:
①thefunnysideoftheaffairsuddenlystruckher.
她突然意识到事情可笑的一面。
②thepoliceareforbiddentostrike.
警察被禁止罢工。
③thebostonpolicewentonstrikein1919.
1919年波士顿警察罢工。词语辨析:strike,beat与hit
①strike指用手或手中的东西给予一次打击或无目的的打击。
②beat指连续地、反复地打,但未表明打得多重或用什么打。
③hit指有目标地重重一击,hit也可作名词用,表示“打击,打,碰撞,讽刺,(演出等)成功”。
命题方向:strike常与beat,hit等以词语辨析的形式出现在高考题中。活学巧练:完成句子
(1)aball________(击中)himonthebackofthehead.
(2)tragedy________(突然发生)twodayslaterwhentammywasinaseriouscaraccident.
(3)wewere ________(打动)bythegenerosityofeventhepoorestcitizens.
(4)thechurchclockwas ________(打点)elevenwhenireachedthevillage.
(5)lookatthewaves ________(拍打)theshore.
(6)thecar________(撞上)apostandoverturned.
struck
struck
struck
striking
beating
hit(7)itsuddenly________mehowwecouldimprovethesituation.
a.struck b.happened
c.occurred d.realized
答案与解析:a b项应为somethinghappenedtosb.意为“某人发生了某事”;c项应为itoccurredtomethat...;d项应为sb.realized...。itsuddenlystruckme...我突然想到……。句意:我突然想到一个办法可以让我们改善这种局面。4.ruinvt.破坏;毁坏;使破产;使堕落;n.毁灭;崩溃;废墟共
shepouredwaterallovermypainting,andruinedit.
精讲拓展:
①inruins一片废墟,落空
②bring...toruin使毁灭,使落空
③fallintoruin已成废墟
④ruinoneself毁掉自己
⑤bringruinupononeself自取灭亡词语辨析:destroy,ruin,damage与spoil
①destroy彻底毁坏,不能修复使用,有毁灭的意思。
②ruin破坏,毁坏,与destroy接近,但程度稍轻。可用作名词,意为:毁灭,崩溃;废墟。
③damage损坏,可重新修好使用。可用作名词,意为“损坏,损失”,为不可数名词。
④spoil损坏,把某物毁坏或破坏某种气氛而令人不快。活学巧练:
wehadnorainforfourmonths,andtheharvestwas ________.
a.damaging b.damaged
c.ruining d.ruined
答案与解析:d ruin常用于比喻意义,表示希望、梦想等的“破灭,毁灭,崩溃”等。故收成受损应用ruin。damage表示对物体的损坏。5.endup结果为……
精讲拓展:
①endupwith+n.
doing以……结束(指以某种方式结束)
②endupin+n.以……结束(指以某种结果结束)
③bring/put...toanend使……终止
④cometoanend完毕,结束
⑤makeendsmeet收支相抵
⑥onend连续地;竖着,直立地误区警示:endupin后接表示结果的名词,endupwith后接表示伴随方式的名词性的词或短语。
朗文在线:
①thefilmendedupwiththeheroinedying.
在电影结束时,女主角去世了。
②he'llendupinprisonifhe'snotcareful.
如果他不小心,最后会锒铛入狱的。
③weweregoingtogoout,butendedupwatchingvideos.我们原计划外出,但结果却是在家看录像。命题方向:endupwith与endupin是高考的重要考点。
活学巧练:
ifyougoonspendinglikethis,you'llendup ________abeggar.
a.as b.for c.in d.by
答案与解析:a endupasabeggar最终沦为乞丐。6.putout扑灭,熄灭;关灯;给……添麻烦
精讲拓展:
①putaside忽视,忘记;攒钱
②putoff推迟
③puton伪装,上演,穿上
④putthrough接通(电话)⑤putaway储存
⑥putup张贴,举起
⑦putback拨回
⑧putforward提出
⑨putdown(=writedown)记下
⑩putupwith忍耐误区警示:putout扑灭,熄灭,是及物动词短语。goout熄灭,不及物动词短语,无被动式。
thefirewentoutwithoutfirewood.
没有木头,火熄灭了。
thefirewasputoutbythefiremen.
大火被消防队员扑灭了。朗文在线:
①joanputthefireout.
琼扑灭了火。
②heputouthiscigarette.
他熄灭了香烟。
③willitputyououtifibringanotherguest?
我要是多带一位客人来会不会给你添麻烦?命题方向:put构成的短语常以词语辨析的形式出现在考题中。
活学巧练:
theforestguardsoftenfindcampfiresthathavenotbeen________completely.
a.turneddown b.putout
c.putaway d.turnedover
答案与解析:b 句意:森林守卫员经常发现未被完全扑灭的篝火。putout“扑灭火”;turndown“拒绝”;putaway“收拾,储蓄”;turnover“翻转”。7.inall总共,总计共
wevisited,inall,20universitiesintheu.s..
①aboveall特别是;最重要的是
②afterall到底,毕竟
③atall确实;根本
④firstofall首先
⑤allthesame尽管如此,仍……⑥allofasudden=allatonce突然
⑦allinall从各方面考虑(来说)
⑧all right好的;安全而健康
⑨allthebetter/harder更好,更努力
⑩allalong一直,始终
(11)notatall(在别人表示谢意时使用)不客气,哪里的话
(12)allover遍及
(13)allbut几乎,差不多
(14)allornothing全力以赴误区警示:inall在句中常作状语而不可能作谓语。
朗文在线:
①therewereabout800peopleinall.
总共有800人左右。
②doeshegetnopensionatall?
他一点儿养老金也没有拿到吗?
命题方向:inall,atall,afterall,aboveall常以词语辨析的形式出现在高考题中。活学巧练:
(1)ifyouwanttodiscussitwithme________(确实),givemearing.
(2)ofcourse,he'sexhausted.________(毕竟),he'sbeendrivingfortenstraighthours.
(3)you'vebeennicetome ________(一直).
(4)it was________(几乎)impossibletoclimbbackintotheboat.
(5)newsoftheholidaywas________(人人皆知)theschool withinminutes.
atall
afterall
allalong
allbut
allover8.pickup拾起,拿起;搭载;(无意中)学会;接收;收拾,整理;加(速度);取(物),接(人);(健康、景气)恢复,变好
pickout选出;认出
pickoff摘去,去除
pickon指责,挑剔
误区警示:pickup是一个多义词,注意其使用的语境用义。朗文在线:
①theschoolbuspicksupthechildrenthreetimeseveryday.
校车每天接孩子三次。
②hepickedupenglishwhentravelinginamerica.
他在美国旅行时学到了一些英语。
③thebusgraduallypickedupspeedanddisappeared.
汽车逐渐加速后消失了。
命题方向:考查pick的不同短语在语境中的辨析。活学巧练:
therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buthemanaged________.
a.pickingmeup b.pickingupme
c.topickmeup d.topickupme
答案与解析:c 句意:在车里已经有五个人了,但他还是设法把我载上了。根据managetodosth.设法做成某事,可排除a、b两项。pickup短语中up是副词,其宾语是代词时要置于两词之间。9.onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheuseachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.
平均来说,在美国每年有800次龙卷风,造成大约80人死亡,1,500人受伤。
causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries分词短语作状语,表示结果。
footballisplayedinover80countries,makingitthemostpopularsportintheworld.
在80多个国家里都有足球这项体育活动,使它成为世界上最受欢迎的一项运动。theyhavebeendiscussingtheproblemfor2hours,reachingnoagreementatlast.
他们对这个问题一直讨论了两个小时,最后也没达成协议。特别提示:
分词作状语时,其逻辑主语须与句中主语一致。共
hearingthenews,theygotexcited.
听到消息,他们都很兴奋。
分词短语表示结果与不定式表示结果的区别:分词短语表示动作自身造成的必然结果;不定式表示出乎意料的结果。hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.
他父母去世,使他成了孤儿。
ihurriedthere,onlytofindthedoorlocked.
我匆匆赶到那里,结果发现门锁着。活学巧练:
(XX•成都检测)alotofcoalminersdiedonthejoblastyear,________thelocalgovernmenttoshutnearly500smallminesinshanxiprovincealone.
a.forcing b.toforce
c.forced d.hasforced
答案与解析:a 现在分词短语作结果状语,表示所引发的必然后果,不定式则表示意想不到的后果。10.theycandestroyhouses,butleavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwas.
它们能毁掉房子,却把房内的家具留在原处。
①leave+宾语+形容词/动词-ing/过去分词+as-clause/where-clause让……处于某种状态。
②此句型中宾语后接的形容词、现在分词、过去分词等用作宾语补足语。活学巧练:汉译英
(1)让一切保持原样。
________________________________________________
(2)他们走了,让我孤零零一个人坐在那里。
________________________________________________
(3)你把门窗关紧了吗?
________________________________________________
(4)他的病使得他身体很虚弱。
________________________________________________
leavethingsastheyare.
theywalkedoffandleftmesittingthereallbymyself.
didyouleavethedoorsandwindowsfirmlyfastened?
hisillnesshaslefthimveryweak.11.过去完成时的被动语态
过去完成时的被动语态由“hadbeen+过去分词”构成,表示某被动动作在过去某时或某动作前已发生或一直发生。
句中常用by,before,until,when等词引导时间状语。活学巧练:
(1)itwasreportedthatmr.smith________bythepolicefordrivinghiscarwhiledrunk.
a.killed b.hadbeenshot
c.caught d.hadbeencaught
(2)iwasshockedtohearthatyourhouse ________into.
a.wasbroken b.broke
c.hadbeenbroken d.havebeenbroken(3)—wereyoulateforthefilm?
—yes.halfofit________bythetimewereachedthecinema.
a.wasshown b.hadbeenshown
c.hasbeenshown d.hadshown
(4)thenewsuspensionbridge________ bytheendoflastmonth.
a.hasbeendesigned b.hadbeendesigned
c.wasdesigned d.wouldbedesigned共
答案:(1)d (2)c (3)b (4)b12.直接引语变间接引语时应注意以下事项
(1)直接引语变间接引语时,下列情况中的that不可省略:
当宾语从句作直接宾语时;
当宾语从句中的状语位于从句句首时;
当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时,仅能省略第一个that,其余的不可省略。(2)直接引语为一般疑问句变为间接引语时,宾语从句由whether或if引导,选择疑问句与反意疑问句也是如此。
(3)直接引语为祈使句时,应注意常变为ask/tell/ordersb.todosth.句型。在let's开头的祈使句中,间接引语常变为suggestdoing或suggest+从句。
(4)时态的变化
若主句谓语动词为现在时态,则从句的时态不用变; 若主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句的时态应变成相应的过去某种时态。下列两种情况例外:
1)若间接引语表示客观真理,则应仍采用一般现在时。
2)直接引语中有具体的过去时间状语,变间接引语时时态不变。
(5)指示代词,时间状语,地点状语和动词的变化
this—that these—those today—thatday yesterday—thedaybefore now—then tomorrow—thenext/followingday here—there come—go活学巧练:
(1)theysaidthattheywouldgothere________.
a.nextday b.thenextday
c.theotherday d.thefollowedday
答案与解析:b 在间接引语中“明天”要用thenextday或thefollowingday。不可误选c,c项意为前几天。(2)hesaidthatlight________muchfasterthansound.
a.traveled b.travels
c.istraveling d.hadtraveled
答案与解析:b 间接引语表示客观真理时用一般现在时态。考题演练
1.wefirmlybelievethatwarneversettlesanything.itonly________violence.
a.runsinto b.comesfrom
c.leadsto d.beginswith
答案与解析:c 句意:我们坚信战争永远不能解决任何事情,它只能导致暴力。leadto为“导致”之意。2.thereisagreatdealofevidence________thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.
a.indicate b.indicating
c.toindicate d.tobeindicating
答案与解析:b 本题考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。此处为现在分词短语在句中作后置定语,修饰evidence,二者之间为主谓关系。3.ican'tleave.shetoldmethati________stayhereuntilshecomesback.
a.can b.must
c.will d.may
答案与解析:b 本题考查情态动词。注意常用情态动词的基本用法。句意:我不能走,她叫我必须待在这里直到她回来。情态动词must此处意为“必须”。4.inourclass,whenthebellrangandtheteacherclosedhisbook,itwasa________foreveryonetostandup.
a.signal b.chance
c.mark d.measure
答案与解析:a 本题考查名词词义的辨析。a项“信号”;b项“机会”;c项“记号”;d项“措施”。句中it代替“铃响时教师合上书”这件事,而“它”正是大家要起立的“信号”。5.what________pitythatyoucouldn'tbetheretoreceive________prize!共
a.a;a b.the;a
c.a;the d.the;the
答案与解析:c 本题考查冠词的用法。注意区分泛指和特指。句意:你不能去那里领奖简直太遗憾了!第一空为泛指,表示“一件令人遗憾的事”;第二空表示“得到的奖品”,为特指。6.he________asanationalheroforwinningthefirstgoldmedalforhiscountryintheolympics.
a.regarded b.wasregarded
c.hasregarded d.hadbeenregarded
答案与解析:b 考查regard...as...把……认为是……。7.—whatareyoureading,tom?
—i'mnotreallyreading,just________thepages.
a.turningoff b.turningaround
c.turningover d.turningup
答案与解析:c 考查“动词+介词/副词”短语间的区别。本题考查turn构成的动词短语。第二句句意:我没在真正看书,我只是在翻书。turnover“翻过一页书(纸)”,符合句意。turnoff“关闭”;turnaround“完成;提供;生产出”;turnup“调大;出现;发生”。8.whyareyousoanxious?itisn'tyourproblem________.
a.onpurpose b.inall
c.ontime d.afterall
答案与解析:d 考查短语的用法。a项为“故意地”;b项为“总共”;c项为“按时”;d项为“毕竟”。句意为:你为什么如此地焦急?毕竟不是你的问题。9.teenagers________theirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.
a.havedamaged b.aredamaging
c.damaged d.willdamage
答案与解析:b 注意不同时态的不同涵义。根据because引导的原因状语的时态,可知前面的时态。module3 theviolenceofnatureⅰ.根据句意,用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
cause putout strike bury takeplace terrify endupin warn damage injure
1.thebosstoldtheclerkthatthetrouble________byhiscarelessnesswasveryserious.
答案:caused
2.withoutfirementhevillagersaroundtriedmanyways________thefire.
答案:toputout3.whenyouarecaughtinastorm,don'tstandunderatree,oralightningmay________.
答案:strike
4.theflooddidlittle________becausepeoplehad madefullpreparations.
答案:damage
5.ifyoudon'tmakeefforts,itisquitepossiblethatyouwill ________failure.
答案:endupin 6.people________ofthedangerousanimaldidn'tdaretocomeoutatnight.
答案:warned
7.he met with an accident and there were several________onhisbody.
答案:injuries
8.marywas ________atthescenewhenshesawwhathadhappened.
答案:terrified9.themanlivingdownstairs________hisheadunderhispillow(枕头)becausetherewereyoungmensingingloudlyupstairs.
答案:buried共
10.greatchanges________ inmyhometowninthepastfewyears.
答案:havetakenplaceⅱ.单项填空
1.therewasleft________smokeaftertheplaneflewaway.
a.alineof b.acolumnof
c.apileof d.arowof
答案与解析:b 本句意为“飞机飞过后,留下一根烟柱”。acolumnof意为“一柱……”;alineof和arowof是“一排,一行”的意思;apileof意为“一堆”。2.noonewouldliketo________failuresinlifebutitisanaturalpartinanyone'slife.
a.pass b.have
c.experience d.through
答案与解析:c 本句意为“没有人想体验失败,但它是人的生活中的很自然的一部分”。experience意为“体验,经历”,pass和have在这里不能和failure搭配;through是介词不能独自构成不定式。3.what________youtoaccepthisunfairagreement?whichofthefollowingiswrong?
a.cause b.led
c.get d.made
答案与解析:d cause,lead和get都可以接宾语,再接动词不定式作宾补;make接宾语后可以再接不带to的不定式作宾补。4.on________latitudeofsouthhemisphere(半球)andnorthhemisphere,theseasonsarejusttheopposite,forexample,summerandwinter.
a.thesame b.different
c.similar d.opposite
答案与解析:a 在南、北半球,只有纬度相等,才能季节相反。严格地讲,相似的纬度不能形成相反的季节。5.he________hisheadunderhispillowbecauseofthenoisefromupstairs.buthestillcouldn't________asleep.
a.buried;go b.placed;went
c.buried;fall d.laid;goto
答案与解析:c 本句意为“由于楼上的噪音,他把头压在枕头底下,但还是不能入睡”。第一个空只能用bury,这里不能用place或lay,不是简单地“放置”;fallasleep是“入睡”的意思,还可以说gotosleep。6.it________tomethatwestillhavemanythingstodo,soiwentbacktomyofficeatonce.
a.happened b.tookplace
c.brokeout d.occurred
答案与解析:d 本句意为“我突然想起还有很多事情要做,所以我马上回到办公室”。这里occur表示“(想法,念头等)想起,浮现”,作不及物动词。happen和takeplace都是“发生,产生;进行”的意思;breakout指“(战争、火灾、洪水、瘟疫等)发生、爆发”。7.ihearthathisbusiness________recently.
a.takesoff b.istakingoff
c.succeeds d.issucceeding
答案与解析:b 根据题意“我听说他的生意最近正兴隆”。此处应该用进行时表示现在正发生的事情。succeed不能用进行时形式,所以答案为b项。8.europeanfootballisplayedinmorethan80countries,________itthemostpopulargameintheworld.
a.making b.tomake共
c.made d.makes
答案与解析:a 本句意为“80多个国家都踢欧式足球,使得它成为世界上最流行的运动”。making在这里是v.-ing形式作结果状语。9.hisheartwasslightly________asaresultofthedisease.
a.destroyed b.damaged
c.ruined d.wounded
答案与解析:b 本句意为“由于生病,他的心脏轻微受损”。根据语境这里指的是轻微受伤,所以用damage,不能用destroy;ruin意为“毁灭”。10.thecruelmother________atthepoordaughterrepeatedlywithastickbecauseshedidn'tdowellinherstudies.
a.beat b.hit
c.struck d.knocked
答案与解析:c 四个选项中,beat指连续敲打,hit指击中,两个词都常作及物动词;knockat是“敲打”的意思,根据该句的语境,用木棍打某人,应该用strike。11.hejoinedthefirmasanofficeboy,buthegainedrapidpromotion,and________adirector.
a.endedup b.endedupin
c.endedupwith d.endedupas
答案与解析:d 本句意为“他进入公司时是办公室职员,但得到很快的提升,结果成了董事长”。endupas意为“结果成为”。endupwith指以某种方式结束;endupin后常接表结果的抽象名词。12.—thehouse________fireandwasdestroyed.
—who________firetothehouse?
a.set;caught b.caught;set
c.took;playedwith d.was;caught
答案与解析:b setfireto意为“放火”,主语是人;catchfire意为“着火”,主语是物。根据上下句的意思,答案是b项。13.thenumberofthestudentsintheschoolhasbeenincreasinginrecentyearsandthereareeightthousand________.whichofthefollowingiswrong?
a.inall b.intotal
c.altogether d.inamount
答案与解析:d inall,intotal和altogether都可以表示“总共,总计”的意思;amount常用来修饰不可数名词,inamount也常修饰不可数名词,意为“在数量上”。14.itisagoodideatostartapart-timejobaslongasitdoesnot________yourstudy.
a.effect b.affect
c.trouble d.bother
答案与解析:b 本句意为“只要不影响学习,开始一项兼职工作是个好主意”。根据句子语境,只有affect的意思最恰当,意为“影响”。trouble和bother主语经常是有意识的东西。15.iwasstillsleepingwhenthefire________andthenitspreadquickly.
a.brokeout b.putout
c.cameout d.gotout
答案与解析:a 根据andthenitspreadquickly可知,要填“火着了”。breakout指战争、火灾等“爆发”;putout可指“扑灭”(火);comeout意为“长出,出现”;getout意为“离开”。ⅲ.完成/翻译句子
1.他的粗心驾车使他送了性命。(causesb.todo)
hiscarelessdriving________________________losehislife.共
答案:causedhimto
2.这座大坝3,830米长。(inlength)
thedamis3,830________________________.
答案:metresinlength3.树吸收二氧化碳放出氧气。(takein)
trees________________carbondioxideandgiveoutoxygen.
答案:takein
4.chinaissituatedinoneofthemostactiveearthquakeregionsintheworldandtherehavebeenmanyterribleearthquakes.
_______________________________________________
答案:中国位于世界上最活跃的地震带之一,这里一直有很多后果可怕的地震。5.weareallinthepositionofthefarmer.ifweplantagoodseed,wegetagoodharvest.ifourseedispoorandthefieldisfullofweeds,weharvestauselesscrop.ifweplantnothingatall,weharvestnothingatall.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:我们每个人都像是农夫。撒下良种将有丰收;播下劣种或任由田地生满野草将毁去收成;没有耕耘将会一无所获。ⅳ.阅读理解
fluisacommoninfectionofthenoseandthroat,andsometimesthelungs.thecauseisavirusthatpassesfromonepersontoanother.thevirusspreadsthroughtheairwhenaninfectedpersonexpelsairsuddenly.
fludevelopsafterthevirusentersaperson'snoseormouth.theflucausesmusclepain,suddenhighbodytemperature,breathingproblemsandweakness.generally,mostpeoplefeelbetterafteraweekortwo.buttheflucankill.itisespeciallydangeroustotheveryyoung,theveryoldandthosewithweakeneddefensesagainstdisease.medicalexpertshaverecognizedforsometimethatpeoplebecomeinfectedwithfluduringthewintermonths.buttheydidnotreallyknowwhyuntilrecently.
americanresearcherssaytheynowknowwhythefluvirusspreadsinthewinterandnotinthesummer.theysayitisbecausethevirusremainsintheairlongerwhentheairiscoldanddry.researchersinnewyorkcarriedouttwentyexperimentswithguineapigstoinvestigatehowthevirusspreads.theresearchersfoundthevirusspreadthemostwhenthetemperaturewasaboutfivedegreescelsiusandthehumiditywastwentypercent.fewoftheguineapigsdevelopedfluasthetemperatureincreased. thevirusstoppedspreadingcompletelyatthirtydegreescelsiusandeightypercenthumidity.theresearchersalsofoundthattheanimalsspreadthevirusamongthemselvesnearlytwodayslongerwhenthetemperaturewaslow.oneoftheresearcherssaidthestudyshowsthatfluvirusismorelikelytoinfectpeopleduringanoutdoorwalkonacolddaythaninawarmroom.hesaidcoldairhelpsthevirussurviveintheairandlowhumidityhelpsitstaytherelonger.thatisbecauseparticlesofthevirusrideontheextremelysmalldropsofwaterfloatingintheair.whentheairisveryhumid,waterdropletsfalltothegroundmorequickly.theresearcherssay,however,thatpeopleshouldnotstayinwarmplacesallthetimeincoldweathertoavoidtheflu.theysaythebestwaytopreventthesicknessistogetyearlyinjectionsofavaccinethatpreventsflu.1.fromthepassagewecanconcludethat________.共