XX年高考英语难点37讲--难点21多变的省略句
英语中省略现象较为普遍,对省略的考查已成为高考中的热点。句子成分的省略,可分为以下几种情况:
1.省略主语,主谓语或主谓的一部分
2.不定式符号to的省略
3.不定式结构中动词的省略
4.状语从句中的省略
5.定语从句中关系词的省略
6.虚拟语气中if和should的省略
7.考查not,so,neither,nor的“替代性”省略
●难点磁场
1.()johnplaysfootball________,ifnotbetterthan,david.
a.aswell b.aswellas c.sowell d.sowellas
2.()ifyougotoxi’an,you’llfindtheplacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly________.
a.supposing b.supposed c.tosuppose d.suppose
3.()—whatdoyouthinkmademarysoupset?
—________herbicycle.
a.asshelost b.lost c.losing d.becauseoflosing
4.()ithoughtherniceandhonest________imether.
a.firsttime b.forthefirsttime c.thefirsttime d.bythefirsttime
5.()borishasbrains.infact,idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas________iq.(nmetXX)
a.ahigh b.ahigher c.thehigher d.thehighest
6.()—youshouldhavethankedherbeforesheleft.
—imeant________,butwheniwasleavingicouldn’tfindheranywhere.
(XX年上海春季)
a.todo b.to c.doing d.doingso共
●案例探究
1.—doyouthinkit’sgoingtorainovertheweekend?
—________.
a.idon’tbelieve b.idon’tbelieveit
c.ibelievenotso d.ibelievenot
命题意图:此题考查not在宾语从句中的“替代性”省略。此题属四星级题。
知识依托:“so”可代替某些动词后的宾语从句,但绝不能用it或that。这些常用的动词有:believe,beafraid,expect,hope,imagine,suppose等。例:
—isshegoingtothepartytonight?
—ithinkso./ihopeso.
其否定有两种:①动词用否定结构。
②用not代替so。
又如:—doyouthinkhewillpasstheexam?
—idon’tthinkso./ithinknot.前者更常用。
错解分析:a项应为idon’tbelieveso。
c项否定也应否定谓语。
解题方法与技巧:根据具体语言环境,正确运用表达观点的方法。
答案:d
2.________forthefreeticket,iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.
a.ifitisnot b.wereitnot c.haditnotbeen d.iftherewereto
命题意图:旨在考查虚拟条件中if的省略。此题属五星级题。
知识依托:跟过去事实相反的虚拟条件句结构为if+主语+had+过去分词,主语+would/could/mightdo…当if省略时,将had提主句首,即
had+主语+过去分词,主语+would/could/mightdo…
错解分析:a项不是虚拟语气结构。
b项是跟现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。
d项是跟将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
解题方法与技巧:从题干的后一句话入手,可看出iwouldnothavegoneto…是跟过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,故答案为c。译为:要不是因为票是免费的,我也就不会经常去看电影了。
答案:c
3.—yououghttohavegiventhemsomeadvice.
—________,butwhocaredwhatiasked?
a.soitwas b.soioughttohave c.soidid d.soioughtto共
命题意图:考查oughtto后作宾语的不定式的省略。此题属五星级题。
知识依托:oughtto,want,hope等动词后可省略作宾语的不定式短语,但该宾语若是be动词或动词的完成时,则需在to后加be或have。
—areyouasoldier?
—no,but,wishtobe(asoldier).
答案:b
4.theresearchissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.
(nmetXX)
a.begins b.havingbegun c.beginning d.begun
命题意图:此题考查省略在状语从句中的应用。此题属四星级题。
知识依托:当主句的主语和状语从句主句一致(或从句主语为it),且从句中含be,可把从句的主语和be一起省略,例:
iwonderwhyhedidn’tdoas(hewas)toldto.
错解分析:a、b、c项都为主动,而research应是由人启动的,应用被动。
解题方法与技巧:此类词,应分清主、被动关系。
答案:d
●锦囊妙计
掌握好省略句,应注意以下几条:
1.感官动词或使役动词(如:notice,hear,let,make)等后接不定式作宾补时省略to,被动时to不能省略。
2.在prefertodoratherthan…,cannothelpbut…do,nothing…but等句型中常省略to。
3.为避免重复,作某些动词(hope,want)等宾语或(tell,order,ask)的宾补时,省略不定式短语,只保留不定式符号to。
4.应注意状语从句、定语从句中的省略。
状语从句中,如果谓语含动词be,主语又与主句主语一致或主语是it,从句中主语和be一齐省略。
5.注意not,so,neither,nor的“替代性”省略。
●歼灭难点训练
1.()—tomfelldownfromtheladder.ithinkhisrightlegisbroken.
—oh,i________.
a.hopenotto b.hopenot c.hopenotso d.don’thope
2.()if________thesametreatmentagain,he’ssuretogetwell.
a.giving b.give c.given d.beinggiven共
3.()—aren’tyouthemanager?
—no,andi________.
a.don’twantto b.don’twanttobe c.don’twantbe d.don’twant
4.()while________forthebus,imetanoldfriendofmine.
a.waited b.waiting c.wait d.towait
5.()idon’tliketheway________hespeakstohismother.
a.which b.inthat c.× d.onwhich
6.()theyhadnothingtodobut________.
a.towait b.waiting c.waited d.wait
7.()childrenmustbetaughttoactwithgoodmannerswhen________.
a.speakingto b.spokento c.arespeaking d.spokenof
8.()—haveyoucleanedtheroom?
—no,but________.
a.i’m b.iam c.i’mjustgoing d.i’mjustgoingto
9.()—doyoumindmytakingthisseat?
—________.
a.yes,sitdownplease b.no,ofcoursenot
c.yes,takeitplease d.no,youcan’ttakeit
10.()________green,thedoormightlookmorebeautiful.共
a.youpainted b.ifpainted c.topaint d.haveitpainted
11.()—istheboyverysick?
—i’mafraid________.
a.it b.this c.so d.that
12.()theyknewherverywell.theyhadseenhim________upfromchildhood.
a.grow b.grew c.wasgrowing d.togrow
13.()ratherthan________onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers________abicycle.
a.ride;ride b.riding;ride c.ride;toride d.toride;riding
14.()________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheyangpubridge.
a.were b.should c.would d.will
15.()though________money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.
a.lacked b.lackingof c.lacking d.lackedin
共