unit5firstaid
第一部分
教学设计说明
aboutthetopicandthestructures
单元话题和结构
本单元的话题是firstaid/急救,学习各种情形下的急救常识;单元句法项目是“省略”。
教学设计在单元课时划分上与课本保持一致,即“阅读课、知识课、运用课三课时/三课型划分”。但在实际教学过程中,我们建议教师依据学生基础、教学条件、学校安排的因素,对课本、对教学设计重新划分课时、裁剪、拼接使用我们提供的材料,以便“物尽所用”,达到最佳教学效果。教师也可以参照我们提出的“实际教学过程课时划分建议”进行教学。
period1
reading
阅读课
warmingup部分教师可以选择warmingupbydescribing,warmingupbydiscussing或者warmingupbytalkingaboutfirstaidsituations形式激发背景知识、为其后的阅读作好词语、结构和心理的准备。
教师可补充:急救电话:火警台119,报警台110,医疗急救台120,邻居电话号码,辖区内派出所的电话号码,附近医院的电话号码,熟悉的医生的电话号码。
pre-reading学生看图回答“家庭急救”方面的问题,如“煤气泄露急救”:首先关闭液化器的总阀门,然后打开窗户和门,让空气流通,此其间禁止任何烟火,迅速打电话给相关部门,请求排除液化器的故障。reading是篇说明文,简要说明了生活中常见的烧伤及急救现象,引导学生从形式和内容两方面阅读文本,提高对说明文文体的认识,同时了解急救常识:小面积的i、ii度烧伤,可用清洁的冷水浸泡或用自来水冲洗30分钟至1小时,冲洗后创面涂烧伤膏或消炎药膏。如皮肤已破,不要随便冲洗,应去医院包扎。面积较大的烧伤,在现场进行简单的急救处理后应尽快送医院治疗。
period2
learningaboutlanguage
知识课
learningaboutlanguage第一部分是词法训练,强化学生对本单元重点词汇、短语的掌握和实用;第二部分是句法训练,进一步强化学生对英语“省略”现象的理解和运用。
period3
usinglanguage
运用课
usinglanguage重点是阅读“英雄少年受到表彰”,拓展对“急救”的认识;“听、说、写”部分依然围绕“急救”展开。口语、书面语部分设计了一个看图说、写“急救”的情景。
实际教学过程课时划分建议
period1
将warmingup、pre-reading、reading和comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。
period2
将learningaboutlanguage和workbook中的usingwordsandexpressions、usingstructures整合在一起上一节“语言知识课”。
period3
将usinglanguage设计为一节包括听说读写单项技能或组合技能训练的“综合技能课(一)”。
period4
将workbook的readingandlistening和talking整合在一起上一节“听说课”。
period5
将workbook的listeningtask、readingandwritingtask和 speakingtask整合为一节“综合技能课(二)”。
第二部分
教学资源说明
section1
background
背景
围绕单元话题“急救”我们提供了若干实用性背景材料。这些材料既可以作为教师教学参考材料为教师所用,也可以直接或改写、重组后作为课堂内外的拓展性阅读材料呈现给学生。共
section2
explanation
解析
重点针对“阅读课型”中的课文难句,我们提供了详尽的,就句论句的解析和翻译,并且以解析的焦点话题为线索,进行了一定的归纳、辨析和总结,以帮助教师更好地实施“语言形式”的教学。
section3
vocabulary
词汇
按照课本单元词汇表顺序,我们重点提供动词、短语搭配的讲解。所提供的例句,经典、地道、实用、易懂,完全可以直接用于教学。
第三部分
教学测评说明
围绕单元词法、句法项目,我们提供了长短不一的“单元教学测评”,并备有参考答案供教师使用。有些测评题目直接源于历年高考试卷,更具有说服力和实用性。
part1teachingdesign
第一部分教学设计
period1asamplelessonplanforreading
(firstaidforburns)
introduction
inthisperiod,afterthewarmingup,studentswillfirstbeguidedtoreadfirstaidforburnsbymeansofreadingaloudtotherecording,readingandunderlining,readingtoidentifythemainideaofthetext,readingandtransferringinformation,readingandunderstandingdifficultwords,readingtodecideonthetypeofwritingandsummaryoftheideaandmakingadiagramofthetextfirstaidforburns.toendtheperiodstudentswillbeansweringthequestions.
three“warmingup”designsarepresentedinthisbookforteachers’reference.computerandoverheadprojectormaybeusedtoaidtheteachingandlearning.objectives
■ tohelpstudentslearntogiveinstructions
■ tohelpstudentslearntoreadanexpositionaboutfirstaid
■ tohelpstudentsbetterunderstand“savinglife”
■ tohelpstudentslearnusesomeimportantwordsandexpressions
■ tohelpstudentsidentifyexamplesof“ellipsis”inthetext
focus
words
aid,burn,poison,iron,swell,damage,squeeze,present
expressions
fallill,squeezeout,inplace,anumberof
patterns
thirddegreeburnsareblackandwhiteandcharred.
takeclothingofftheburnsareaunlessitisstucktotheburn.coolburnsimmediatelywithcoolbutnoticywater.donotrub,asthismaybreakanyblistersandthewoundmaygetinfected.itwasjohn’squickactionandknowledgeoffirstaidthatsavedmsslade’slife.aknowledgeoffirstaidcanmakearealdifference.
aids
multimediafacilities,tape-recorder,photos,diagrams1.warmingup
⑴warmingupbydescribing
goodmorning,class.todaywearegoingtoreadaboutfirstaidforburns.thenwhat’sfirstaidisandwhyisitimportant?共
keysforreference:
firstaidisthefirstkindofhelpgiventosomeonewhosuddenlyfallsillorgetsinjuredbeforeadoctorcanbefound.oftentheillnessorinjuryisnotserious,butthereareothertimeswhengivingfirstaidquicklywillsaveone’slife.
nowturntopage33,lookatthepictures.whathashappenedineachpicture?
keysforreference:
1asnakehasbittenhimonhisleg.
2shehascutherarmwithsomebrokenglassandisbleedingbadly.
3hehasbadlysprainedhisankle.
4sheischokingonapieceoffood.
5shehasbrokenherarm.
6hehasableedingnose/anosebleed.
⑵warmingupbydiscussing
hi,everyone.haveyoubeeninanyoftheemergencysituations?didyouorsomeoneelsegivehelpthen?ifso,whatkindofhelp?whenyouareinvolvedintheemergencysituations,whatkindoffirstaidshouldyouneedorgive?thinkitover,andthengiveusyouranswers.
keys:ifthebiteorscratchwoundisbleeding,applypressuretotheareawithacleanbandageortoweluntilthebleedingstops.ifavailable,usecleanlatexorrubberglovestoprotectyourselffromexposuretoblood.
⑶warmingupbytalkingaboutfirstaidsituations
medicalemergenciesdon'toccureveryday.butwhentheydo,informationcanhelpyoudealwiththesesituations.theninwhatsituationsdoweneedtoofferorreceivefirstaid?animalbites,burns,chemicalburns,chemicalsplashintheeye,chestpain,choking(窒息),cutsandscrapes(擦伤),dislocation(脱臼),electricalburns,electricalshock,fainting(昏晕,),foreign(异质的)objectintheear,intheeye,inthenoseetc.foreignobjectinhaled(吸入),foreignobjectswallowed,headpain,heartattack,heatstroke(中暑),motionsickness,nosebleeds,poisoning(中毒),severebleeding,snakebites
2.pre-readingbylookingandsaying
workinpairs.lookatthepictureonpage33,atthebottomofrightcorner,andtelluswhathashappenedinthepicture.whatsortofinjurieswillthechildhave?whatfirstaidtreatmentwouldyougiveinthissituation?
keysforreference:
thechildhaspulledboilingwaterontoherself.shewillhavebadburns.
3.reading
⑴readingaloudtotherecordingnowpleaselistenandreadaloudtotherecordingofthetextfirstaidforburns.payattentiontothepronunciationofeachwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.iwillplaythetapetwiceandyoushallreadaloudtwice,too.
⑵readingandunderlining
nextyouaretoreadandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.copythemintoyournotebookandwriteashortpassage,makinguseofthemafterclassashomework.共
collocationsfromfirstaidforburns
threelayersofskin,protect…against,thesun’sharmfulrays,getburned,thetreatmentofburns,causesofburns,hotliquids,firstdegreeburns,thetoplayer,mildsunburn,bytouchingahotpan,takeafewweekstoheal,thirddegreeburns,undertheskin,electricshocks,burningclothes,severeinjuries,gettoahospital,characteristicsofburns,aroundedgeofinjuredarea,firstaidtreatment,takeclothingofftheburnedarea,stickto,theburningprocess,squeeze…out,breakblisters,getinfected,inplace,causeinfection,ifpossible
⑶readingtoidentifythemainideaofthetext
readthetitleofthetextandtheheadingswithinit.telluswhatthemainideaofthetextisandhowtheinformationisorganized.
keys:itisaboutfirstaidforburnsandtheinformationisorganizedaccordingtocauses,types,characteristicsandfirstaidtreatmentforburns.
⑷readingandtransferringinformation
readthetextagaintoanswerthequestions.
a.howistheinformationorganizedwithintheheadingsoftypesofburnsandcharacteristicsofburns?
b.whyistheinformationnumberedundertheheadingoffistaidtreatment?
⑸readingandunderstandingdifficultwords
readthetextwithapartnerandunderlineanywordsyouarenotsureabout.tryyourbesttoguessthemeaningofthesewords.ifnoonecangivethecorrectmeaning,youcanlookupthedictionary.
⑹readingtodecideonthetypeofwritingandsummaryoftheidea
typeofwriting
thisisaquick-referencewriting.
mainideaofthepassage
itisaboutfirstaidforburnsandtheinformationisorganizedaccordingtocauses,types,characteristicsandfirstaidtreatmentforburns.
firstaid: animportantstepinthetreatmentofburns
part1
causesofburns: hotliquids,steam,fire,radiation,thesun,electricity,chemicals
part2
typesofburns: firstdegreeburns,seconddegreeburns,thirddegreeburns
part3
characteristicsofburns: firstdegreeburns,seconddegreeburns,thirddegreeburns
part4
firstaidtreatment
part5
keyforreference:
a.theinformationisorganizedaccordingtothetypesofburns:
firstdegree,seconddegreeandthirddegreeburns.
b.thenumbersindicatethestepsyoushouldtaketotreataburn,intheorderthattheyshouldhappen.
8.closingdownbytakingaquiz共
fillintheblankwithonewordtocompletethesummaryofthetext.
firstaidsforfirst-degreeburns
removethechildfromthe1_____source.removeclothingfromthe2_____areaimmediately.runcool(notcold)water3_____theburnedarea(ifwaterisn'tavailable,any4_____,drinkablefluidcanbeused)or5_____aclean,coldcompressontheburnforapproximately36_____5minutes(donotuseice,as7_____maycausetheburntotakelongertoheal).do8_____applybutter,grease,powder,oranyother9_____totheburn,astheseincreasetherisk10_____infection.iftheburnedareais11_____,looselycoveritwithasterilegauzepad12_____bandage.giveyourchildacetaminophen13_____ibuprofenforpain.iftheareaaffectedis14_____(thesizeofaquarterorsmaller),keepthearea15_____andcontinuetousecoolcompresses16_____aloosedressingoverthenext24hours.17_____canalsoapplyantibioticcreamtwotothree18_____aday,althoughthisisn'tabsolutelynecessary.(keys:1heat2burned3over4cold5hold6to7it8not9remedies10of11small12or13or14small15clean16and17you18times)
workoutthewordandstructurequestions.
1. trytoput_____thefireassoonaspossible.a:awayb:upc:offd:down2. loosenallthetightclothingand_____clothingonorneartheburntarea.a:getb:takec:carryd:remove3. avoidpollutionofburnwoundand_____theburnedpersonincomfortdressinghimincleanlaundrysheets.a:remainb:stayc:askd:keep4. puticepackorclothsoakedinicewaterontotheburnedpartand_____themoften.a:changeb:doc:attendd:make5. itisnotrightto_____theburnifitisathirddegreeburn.a:brushb:washc:dryd:blow(keys:cddab)
answerthequestions.whyshouldyouputcoldwateronaburn?
becausethecoldwaterstopstheburningprocess,stopsthepainandreducestheswelling.
whydoesn’tathirddegreeburnhurt?
becauseinathirddegreeburnthenerveshavebeendamages.iftherearenonerves,thereisnopain.
whydoyouthinkclothesandjewelrynearburnsshouldberemoved?
becausebacteriafromtheclothesandjewelrycouldinfecttheburns.
ifsomeonehasathirddegreeburn,whymightyouseetissue?
becauseallthelayersoftheskinhavebeenburntshowingthetissueunderneath.
共