unit 5 meeting your ancestors 教案
核心单词
1. alternative
n.可供选择的事物;(两者或以上)可能的选择
adj. 供选择的, 二选一的
常用结构:
have no alternative but to do sth.
只能做某事;除¡¡外别无选择
we have no alternative but to go on.
除了继续下去,我们别无选择。
there was no other alternative but to fight till the victory.
除了战斗到胜利,别无选择。
联想拓展:
alternatively adv. 或者,二者择一地
alternate vt. 使交替;vi.交替;adj. 交替的;轮流的
高手过招:
(1)单项填空
in this school, the students have three courses, and seven courses. (XX¡¤01¡¤陕西师大附中月考)
a. required; alternative b. requiring; alternative
c. required; alternate d. requiring; alternate
解析:选a。require(尤指根据法规) 规定、需要,此处用过去分词required修饰courses,因为两者之间为被动关系。后空意思为¡°选择,选其一¡±,alternative符合句意。
(2)单句改错 (原创)
①i had no alternative but report him to the police.
②you have the alternative to speaking or keeping quiet.
③tom and harry do the work on alternative days.
答案:①report前加to ②to→of
③alternative→ alternate
2. arrest
vt. 逮捕,拘留,吸引(注意)
n.[c]逮捕
常用结构:
be arrested for sth. 因某事而被捕
arrest one s attention吸引某人的注意
under arrest被捕;被拘留
the criminal was arrested yesterday.那名罪犯昨天被捕了。
what she did arrested my attention. 她所做的吸引了我的注意力。
高手过招
用适当的介词或arrest 的适当形式填空 (原创)
①i got arrested careless driving.
②her uncle was arrest, but nobody knew the reason.
③five youths in connection with the attack.
④the public applauded the of the criminal suspect.
答案:①for ②under ③were arrested ④arrest
3. preserve
v.保护,维持,保存
常用结构:
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preserve sth. from 使¡¡免遭¡¡
you can preserve meat or fish in salt.你可以用盐保存肉或鱼。
it is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.
警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。
联想拓展:
preservable adj. 可保存的
preservation n. 保存
preserver n. 保护者,保存者
易混辨析:
preserve/conserve/reserve/protect
preserve v. 保护,维持,保存;
conserve v.保存,保护,强调珍惜;
reserve v. 指意见、看法的保留或座位的预定;
protect v. 保护,强调使其免受破坏或损害。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
①in spite of failing to save every endangered species, we may preserve the majority extinction.
(XX¡¤山东枣庄一轮验收)
a. against b. with c. beyond d. from
②it is the duty of the police to social order.
(原创)
a. save b.reserve c.preserve d. rescue
①解析:选d。preserve sth. from 使¡¡免遭¡¡,符合句意。
②解析:选c。a、d两项都意为¡°拯救¡±;b项意为¡°保留,保存¡±;c项意为¡°保护,维持¡±。根据句意可知,选c。
(2)完成句子 (原创)
①夏天收获的大量水果可冷藏或装瓶加以保存。
in the summer, large crops of fruit may by freezing or bottling.
②我认为这些有趣的旧习俗应该保存下去。
i think these interesting old customs .
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答案:①be preserved②should be preserved
4. relief
n.减轻,解除
常用结构:
bring /seek/find/give/feel relief
带来/寻求/找到/予以/感到解脱
much to ones relief=to ones great relief
使某人宽慰的是¡¡
relief road 备用车道
relief map 地形图
i felt great relief when i heard i had passed the examination.
当听到已经通过考试时,我感到轻松了许多。
联想拓展:
relieve ones feelings 发泄感情
relieve sb. of 使某人解除
the minister was relieved of his post.
部长被解除了职务。
高手过招:
单项填空
hearing the news that her son was found, she breathed a sigh of .(XX¡¤山西太原五中检测)
a.excitement b. joy c. relief d. belief
解析:选c。按照句意此处为¡°减轻忧虑,松了一口气¡±,c项符合句意。
5. assume
vt. 设想,假定;主观认为;装出¡¡的样子
常用结构:
assume sb./sth. to be 假定/认为某人/事是¡¡
we assumed that you understood the situation.
我们认为你了解形势。
he assumed a wellinformed manner but in fact he knows very little. 他装出一副见多识广的样子,而实际上他知之甚少。
联想拓展:
assumed adj.假装的,假的;假定的,设想的
an assumed result假定的结果
assuming adj.自负的,傲慢的,过分自信的;
conj. 假如 (后跟从句)
assumption n. 假定,设想
his look of astonishment was assumed.
他那惊讶的样子是装出来的。
he is too assuming in this attitude about the energy supply.他在对待能源问题的态度上显得过于自信。
assuming that the weather is favourable, farmers will have a bumper harvest.
假如风调雨顺,今年农民将获丰收。
高手过招
完成句子 (原创)
①假如今天下午下雨我们该怎么办呢?
this afternoon, what shall we do?
②在证实他有罪之前我们必须要假定他是清白的。
we innocent until he is proved guilty.
答案:①assuming it rains②must assume him to be
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6. somehow
adv. 不知怎么地;以¡¡方式
常用结构:
somehow or other
不知是什么原因;由于某种原因;以某种方式
somehow or other we became friends, i never knew just why it was.不知何故我们成了朋友,我绝不知道为什么会这样。
易混辨析:
anyhow/somehow/somewhat
anyhow 意为¡°无论如何¡±,相当于 anyway;at any rate;
somehow 意为¡°以某种方式(in some way or other)¡±或¡°由于某种原因¡±;
somewhat 意为¡°从某种意义上讲;有几分¡±,相当于 in a way, rather。
i always know id get the job, somehow.
也不知为什么,我总觉得能得到那份工作。
somehow we must get to glasgow.
我们得设法到格拉斯哥去。
he could have finished it on schedule, but somehow he fell behind.他原本能按预定进度做完这件事的,但不知怎么却落后了。
i am somewhat tired of this book. 我对这本书有点厌烦。
高手过招
选词填空(somehow/anyhow/somewhat) (原创)
①we must get the work finished or other by tomorrow morning.
②it may rain, but i shall go out, i dont mind the rain.
③the price was higher than i¡¯d expected.
答案:①somehow②anyhow③somewhat
重点短语
7. regardless of
adj. 不管, 不顾
people should be hired regardless of race and sex.
雇用人员应没有种族、性别的差异。
he continued speaking, regardless of my feelings on the matter. 他不顾及我在此事上的感受而继续往下说。
联想拓展:
regardless adv. 无论如何;不管;不顾
disregarding /in spite of /despite 三者意义和用法相同,区别不大。
regardlessness n. 不注意
温馨提示:
in spite of the fact that句式表示¡°虽然;即使,不管事实上如何¡±。
although/though conj. 尽管,虽然;其后接句子。
高手过招:
单项填空
① the difficulties in talking, they can understand each other by body language.(XX¡¤安徽合肥八中检测)
a. regardless of b. although c. though d. in spite
②some people act regardless what will happen afterwards. (XX¡¤江苏盐城质量检测)
a.with b. as c. of d. for
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①解析:选a。although与though是连词,后需跟句子,而the difficulties in talking是名词短语,故排除。d项表达有误。故选a。
②解析:选c。regardless of不顾,不管。符合句意。
8. fed up with
受够了;厌烦;饱受
i¡¯m fed up with waiting for her.我等她都等得不耐烦了。
what¡¯s the matter? you look pretty fed up.
怎么啦?你显得那么不耐烦。
联想拓展:
feed sb./sth. on sth. 给(人或动物)食物;喂;饲养
feed on(动物)以¡¡为主食
feed sth. to sb./sth. 给(人或动物)某物作为食物
高手过招:
用适当的介词填空 (原创)
①several children were feeding bread the ducks.
②what do you feed your dog ?
③cows feed grass.
④im fed up the same breakfast every morning.
答案: ①to ②on ③on ④with
9. cut up
切碎;使伤心,严厉批评
peter, why dont you cut up vegetables?
彼得,为何不把蔬菜切碎了呢?
联想拓展:
cut off 切断;剪掉
cut down 砍伐;削减
cut in 打断
cut out 剪去,删去;略去
cut into pieces 切成碎片
dont cut in while im talking!我说话时别插嘴!
高手过招
单项填空
half the forest was to make room for the new road.
(XX¡¤江苏盐城质量检测)
a.cut off b. cut down
c. cut up d. cut away
解析:选b。考查短语辨析。cut off 切除;cut down 砍倒;cut up 将(木头等)分解开。
10. look ahead
向前看;为将来打算
联想拓展:
look back 向后看; 回顾
look out 留神;注意
look into 调查
look up 查找;形势好转;看望
look up to sb. 钦佩/尊敬某人
look through 仔细查阅
look forward to sth./doing sth. 盼望着
look on 旁观;看作
look over 快速浏览;复习
look down (on/upon sth.) 向下看; 轻视
look out! there is danger ahead!当心!前面危险!
im looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation.
我盼望今年暑假能见到你。
高手过招:
完成句子 (原创)
①you should (翻阅字典查查这个生词).
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②i am (盼望) hearing from you as soon as possible.
③ (当心) or you will catch cold.
④i have to (复习笔记) for the exam.
答案:①look up the word in a dictionary
②looking forward to
③look out
④look over my notes
重点句型
11. if only it could be just like last year!
要是能像去年那样该有多好啊!
if only但愿;要是¡¡就好了。其后一般用虚拟语气。
if only i were a doctor. 这句话用的是一般过去时,意思是:我现在要是个医生就好了。与现在相对应的句子用一般过去时。
if only i had said nothing. 而这句用的是过去完成时,意思是:我当时什么都不说就好了。是与过去时态相对应的,故用过去完成时。
if only my son didnt spend so much time before tv.
这句可以理解为一般现在时的虚拟语气,所以句子中使用了一般过去时态。原意为:要是我儿子不在电视前面待那么长时间就好了。
温馨提示:
only if表示¡°只有,只要¡±, 后接让步状语从句,主句采用倒装句式。
i wake up only if the alarm clock rings.
只有闹钟响了,我才会醒。
only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter this room.
只有得到老师的允许,学生才能进入这个房间。
高手过招:
单项填空
look at the trouble im in! if only i your advice.
(XX¡¤江苏徐州质量检测)
a. followed b. would follow
c. had followed d. should follow
解析:选c。由句意可知此处为if only引导的条件状语从句,且用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
12. abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, luna.
她突然坐了下来,结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。
only to do 是不定式作结果状语,意为¡°不料,结果却¡±,表示出乎意料或令人失望的结果。
i hurried to the post office only to find it closed.
我匆忙地去邮局,却发现它已经关门了。
he hurried home only to find the guests had left.
他匆匆忙忙赶回家, 结果发现客人们已经走了。
温馨提示:
现在分词也可以作状语表示结果,但表示的是意料之中的结果。
he dropped the glasses on the ground, bursting it into pieces.他把眼镜掉在了地
上,摔成了碎片。
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高手过招:
单项填空
he got to the airport to find that the plane had left two minutes before. (XX¡¤浙江温州一模)
a.just b. only c. in order d. almost
解析:选b。¡°only+不定式¡±结构表示令人失望的结果。句意为:他到达机场,结果却
发现飞机在两分钟之前就飞走了。
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