必修三模块四 sandstorms in asia学案
课型设计与课时分配:
1st period vocabulary learning
2nd period speaking(introduction,pronunciation,speaking1&2)
3rd period intensive reading(reading and vocabulary)
4th period grammar (grammar 1&2)
5th period listening(listening and vocabulary, everyday english)
6th period extensive reading(cultural corner)
7th period writing(writing and task)
period 1 vocabulary learning
i. 单词重现
1. 沙尘暴 n.) ______
2. 吓人的可怕的 (adj.) ________使..害怕(v.)___________(感到)害怕的(adj.)_________
3. 内陆的(adj.) __________
4.大量的的,规模的(adj.)_______
5. 战役 活动 (n.) ____________
6. 沙丘(n.) ____________
7. 沙漠化(n.)__________________ 沙漠(n.) _________遗弃的(adj.)______________
8. 进程 过程(n.) ______________
9. 公民 市民(n.) _________________
10. 沙尘 灰尘(n.) _________
沾满沙土的(adj)__________
11. 预报 预告(v. )____________
预报员(n.)________________
12. 力量 力气 (n.) _______________
加强 增强(v)_________________
13. 骑自行车(v.) _________,
骑自行车者(n). __________
14. 面罩(n.) __________
15. 大气(层),气氛(n.) _________
16. 碳 (n.) _____________
17. 化学药品(n.) ,化学的(adj.)___________
化学(学科)(n.) ___________
18. 环境(n.) _________
周围的,环境的(adj.)________________
19. 废料,垃圾(n.)___________
20. 融化(vi.) ________
融化的,溶解的(adj.) _______
21. 污染(n.)________污染(v.) __________
22. 再循环 (v.n.) ______________
23.沿海的(adj.)__________________
海岸线(n.)__________________
24.关心的,担心的(adj.)_________________
25.证据,证明(n.)____________________
明白的 明显的(adj.)___________________
26.主要的 多数的(adj.)_________________
多数 大半(n.)___________________________
27. 紧急的 (adj.)____________________
迫切地(adv.)___________________
28.污染(v.)____________________
污染(n.)____________________
29.抱怨(v.)__________________
抱怨(n.)____________________
30.简单一句话(n.)___________________
31.恐怖的 吓人的 (adj.)________________
恐吓 惊吓某人(v.)_____________________
32.绝对地 完全地(adv.)_________________
绝对的(adj.)_______________________
33.保护(n.)________________________
保护(v.)___________________________
ii.短语集锦
1.砍到 __________________
2. 阻止…干… __________________
3. 保护…不受…的侵害 ______________
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4. 只有做…. ___________________
5. 挖出______________
6. 放出 发出 _________________
7. 简言之 ______________
8. 醒来后面对…清醒地意识到 ____________________
9. 遭遇到… _________________
10.吸收 欺骗 __________________
11. 对…有影响__________________
12. 带走 拿走 ________________
13. 一个接一个地__________________
14. 允许某人做… ______________________
15.认真严肃地考虑…_________________
ⅲ.单词演练
1 match the words on the left with their definitions on the right..
forecast to treat something so that we can use it again
cycle to change from solid to liquid, e.g. ice becomes water
pollution a series of natural developments or events that produce gradual change
melt to say what will probably happen
recycle damage to the environment because of dirty things
mass a person who lives in a particular town or country
concerned the physical power and energy that makes someone strong
major to ride a bicycle
complain a large number of
urgent important, great
campaign say that one is dissatisfied, unhappy,…
citizen worried
process need immediate attention, action or decision …
strength military operations or particular or planned activities with a particular social, commercial or political aim
2 fill in the blanks in each sentence according to the meaning. change the form if necessary.
1. sandstorms can be f__________ just a few hours before they arrive.
2. this box is too heavy and it’s too much for his s_________.
3. they discussed the problem in a friendly a___________.
4. as the development of science and technology, the world is face more and more serious environmental p_____________.www.xkb1.com
5. as children we should be much c__________ about our parents’ health.
6. don’t always _________ (抱怨) your partners mistakes.
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7. a ________(化学) change takes place in any substance when it burns.
8. as chinese ________(公民), we should try our best to improve the environment.
9. under the _________(保护) of the sun glasses, our eyes won’t hurt in the strong light of the sun.
10. his suggestions are _________ (完全地) reasonable.
3. do all the activities about vocabulary in the textbook, including the ones in the workbook. for example: p31, activity 1&2; p33,activity 2&3; p35, activity 1; p86 activity 6,7 &8.
period 2 speaking(introduction,pronunciation,speaking1&2)
step1 talk about the following pictures in your own words. (show them the pictures of sandstorms. )
for example:
s1: in the first picture i can see a man is riding a bike hard. the sky is yellow.
t: can you see the buildings clearly?
s1: no, they are not clear.
t: thank you, sit down please.
s2: in the second one i can find some buildings, but i cannot see them clearly. may be the city is in the sand or anything like that.
s3: in the third one i can see a very tall building only. there is much sand in the sky.
t: very good. thank you.
s4: in the next picture, i can see many people riding bikes wearing masks. the weather is very cold, because they wear gloves and more clothes.
t: how about the air? is it clean?
s4: the air is not clean. there is something like sand in the air.
t: quite right!
s5: in the fifth picture, there is a strong wind carrying sand. it looks like smoke.
s6: in the last one, there are some buildings covered with thick, yellow dust.
t: excellent job! thank you every much. now, who can tell us why there is so much sand in the sky? the wind that carry sand are called…
s7: sandstorm.
t: very good. yes, they are called sandstorm. if you want to know more about sandstorm, let’s come to module 4 sandstorms in asia.
step ii warming up
t: open your books on page 31. look at the picture in your books, what can you see in the picture?
s1: there is a strong wind carrying sand in the sky, and a car covered with sand running slowly.
t: right. now, complete the sentences using the correct form of words in the box. three minutes.
answers: sandstorm, lasts, frightening, blows, buried,
after 3 minutes, ask some students to share their answers.
t: from this short paragraph, we can see the sandstorm is frightening. have you ever experienced the sandstorm? how does it be created? before we discuss these questions, let’s look at some words on the screen.
dig, earthquake, protect, sign, the pacific ocean
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(show the words on the screen, and explain the meaning to the students. divide the whole class into several groups to discuss questions in activity 2. then call back the answers)
s1: most of the sandstorms begin in desert areas. because there are no trees and grasses in the desert areas. the wind is very strong.
s2: climate changing can create deserts, but nowadays, the deserts are being enlarged because of humanity.
s3: deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
t: why people cut down trees?
s3: they want to get wood or to plant crops.
s4: few years ago, japan was affected by the sandstorms coming from northwest china. and america is also affected by sandstorms. some are caused by humanity; some are from asia blown across the pacific ocean. sandstorm has been a global issue.
t: very good, thank you. can we prevent it?
s5: yes. at present, our china has carried out many plans to prevent sandstorm. for example, china has formed a professor committee to study how to prevent sandstorms. we have planted many trees every year. cutting down the trees is unlawful. the degree of sandstorm is on decline. so we can prevent it. we believe ourselves.
t: quite right. i believe too. where does the sandstorm often happen?
s6: the inland region has more sandstorms than the one near the sea. because the inland is drier than the one near the sea.
t: can you give us the reason?
s6: dry weather is one of the main reasons for sandstorms.
t: quite right. you’ve done very well. from this activity, you’ve got much information on sandstorms. sandstorm is very bad. it pollutes the air, affects our daily life. if you are in a sandstorm what should you do? now work in pairs to discuss the questions in activity 3.
(5 minutes later, call back the answers)
s1: if i am in a sandstorm i will wear a mask to protect my mouth and throat, wear a pair of glasses to protect my eyes.
s2: besides mask and glasses i will wear a hat. because there is much sand in the air, it will make my hair dirty.
t: you are right. in a sandstorm, you should wear a mask and a hat, a pair of glasses is also necessary. which one is more dangerous, earthquake and sandstorm?
s3: i think earthquake. because in sandstorm we can stay at home to protect us, but in earthquake everywhere is dangerous.
t: i agree with you. where in china do sandstorms usually happen? what is the first sign?
s4: in the west and northwest china.
s5: but it also happens in beijing often.
s6: before the sandstorm, there is usually a heavy wind and dry weather.
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s7: the sky is yellow.
s8: one afternoon of last spring, when i was at school, the sky was yellow. there was much sand in the sky. the wind was very strong with some drops of rain. in fact, it was not rain. it was mud. at that time, i thought the earthquake was coming. it was very terrible.
t: it was really terrible. thank you. now i think all of you have known about something of sandstorm. the sandstorm is terrible and harmful. we should work hard to protect our environment.
step iii pronunciation and function on p36
listen to the tape and ask students to underline the words stressed and conclude when and where the word will be stressed. then ask students to practice activity 1&2. listen again to check if the stress is right. ask students to complete the sentences in ex.3 using expressions from ex.1&2.
step iv speaking1 &2 on p37
t: suppose you are a citizen. there is a sandstorm in your city. a reporter wants to interview you about this sandstorm. make a dialogue about your interview with your partner.
s1: good afternoon sir, i am a reporter of local television station. may i ask you some questions about the sandstorm happened in the morning?
s2: ok.
s1: when the sandstorm happened, what were you doing?
s2: i was cycling on the road.
s1: before the sandstorm coming, did you know it was the sandstorm? or were there some signs of the coming sandstorm?
s2: yes. i learn some sandstorm signs from tv. so i tried hard to ride, but the wind was so strong.
s1: can you tell me some signs of that sandstorm?
s2: first, the wind was becoming stronger and stronger, it looked like the rain was coming. i can hardly ride my bike. the dust on the ground was whirled into the sky. and the sky was turned into yellow. the dust became more and more. i can hardly open my eyes. i knew it would be a sandstorm.
s1: it was terrible. can you give us some ideas to prevent the sandstorm?
s2: from television, we can see most of the sandstorms are caused by human. instead of cutting down trees and digging grass we should plant more trees and grasses.
s1: i agree with you. i think after this sandstorm most of people will be waken. thank you.
t: well done. thank you. now we have known most of the sandstorms have been caused by the destroyed environment. are there any other things that are bad for the environment?
ss: yes. for example, coal.
t: in what way?
ss: it gets off lots of smoke and pollutes the air.
t: you’re right.
ss: plastic. in our daily life, people use many plastic bags and throw them around. when there is wind, the plastic bags thrown will fly everywhere.
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ss: in canteen many students use plastic bags to hold their meal and throw them away then. i think we should not use them first and set a modal.
ss: like refrigerator, more and more cars have come into families. they give out much chemical smoke, especially in cities. it is bad for our health.
ss: cutting more trees will not only cause sandstorms but also enlarge the sand area.
t: well done, boys and girls. since we have known so many things are bad for the environment, what should we do to protect our environment?
ss: we should plant more trees to fresh our air.
ss: we should throw the rubbish into the dustbin and not throw them anywhere.
ss: i think the most important thing we should do is to organize an organization to make people around us know the importance to protect the environment.
t: ok, what you talk about is very helpful. please prepare it after class if you want. if you need help, please let me know. this class we have learnt something about sandstorms, and have discussed things that pollute the environment. since the pollution is so serious, we should try our best to protect our environment. now what you should do after class is to turn your idea into practice.
period 3 intensive reading(reading and vocabulary)
step 1 pre-reading
t: now i will give you five minutes and read the whole passage quickly, find the answers to the questions on the top of this page.
1. there is a terrible sandstorm.
2. she wears a mask, scarf, and heavy clothes. because there is a strong sandstorm.
3. traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.
4. the expert advises people not to go out.
after 5 minutes, check the answers.
t: now, who’d like to talk about the first question? volunteer!
s1: i’d like to try. from picture i know that a sandstorm happens. it is frightening.
t: quite right. next question? who want to have a try?
s2: there is a woman pulling a bike in a frightening sandstorm. the cyclist wears a mask and a pair of gloves. she wears a hat.
t: thank you, very well. how about next question?
s3: the traffic will be very slow, because in the sandstorm there is much sand in the sky. the driver cannot see thing clearly.
t: quite right. the last one, who got the answer?
s4: i think the experts advise people to stay at home and not go out. while going out, you should wear a mask.
t: thank you. sit down please. now, after we’ve learnt this text, we will know how to protect ourselves, if there is a sandstorm in our city. of course, we do not hope it happens in our city.
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step2 reading
t: turn your books on page 33. look at the activity 2 & 3, read the text quickly again and complete these two activities. three minutes.
★ skimming:
cycle (v), expert, process, citizen, dust, survive, forecast, situation b, b, a, a
after 3 minutes, ask some students to check the answers. show the answers on the screen.
ask students to read it silently
★intensive reading
t: read the whole passage very carefully and complete ex.4&5 on page 33. while reading underline phrases and sentences that you think are important. read it silently and try to get the general idea of this passage. 10 minutes.
1. the winds in a sandstorm can sometimes be strong enough to move sand dunes.
2. when ren jianbo was living in inner mongolia he experienced a terrible sandstorm in desert.
3. sandstorms in china appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”.
4. cutting down trees and digging up grass can cause the climate changes and make the land become desert.
5. traffic moved very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.
6. the government is planting trees to the west of beijing to prevent the desert coming near.
(after 10 minutes ask some students to check the answers and show the answers on the screen.)
1. forecasted 2. frightening 3. survived 4. dust 5. process 6. citizens
(after students to give possible answers, then show them on the screen)
1. scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in china, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.
2. you just had to hope you’d survive.
3. sandstorms in china appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”.
4. this is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
5. when a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out.
6. to be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening.
7. already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years.
(after having finished the exercises, show the important sentences on the screen. ask the students to pay more attention to them.)
step 3 complete the summary of the text:
(1st paragraph)
sandstorms have been a major_______ for many asia countries _____ centuries. scientists have tried many ways to ____ this problem and in china, a ______ campaign has been started to help solve it.
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suggested answers:
sandstorms have been a major disaster for many asia countries for centuries. scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in china, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.
(2nd paragraph)
the wind in the sandstorm is often strong enough to move _________. ren jianbo, from _____________ described a terrible sandstorm he ___________ when he was a child. “ to have been ______ in a sandstorm is a ____________. there was nothing ________. it was the most _________ and the most dangerous ________ i have been in. you just had to hope you’d _______.
suggested answers
the wind in the sandstorm is often strong enough to move sand dunes. ren jianbo, from inner mongolia described a terrible sandstorm he experienced when he was a child. “ to have been caught in a sandstorm is a terrible experience. there was nothing to be done. it was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation i have been in. you just had to hope you’d survive.
(3rd & 4th paragraphs)
sandstorms begin in______ area. sandstorms in china ______ to have been increased in recent years as a result of “______________”. this is a ________ that happens because people _________ trees and ________ grass. sandstorms sometimes _______ beijing. _______ wake up to an orange sky and ______ strong winds that ______ the city in a thick, brown-yellow _____. the sandstorms sometimes __________ all the day and traffic ______ very slowly.
suggested answers:
sandstorms begin in desert area. sandstorms in china appear to have been increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. this is a process that happens because people cut down trees and dig up grass. sandstorms sometimes affect beijing. citizens wake up to an orange sky and strong winds that cover the city in a thick, brown-yellow dust. the sandstorms sometimes continue all the day and traffic moves very slowly.
(the last two paragraphs)
the chinese central weather station can______ a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in beijing. when the sandstorm arrives in the city, weather _______ advise people not to ________. huang xiaomei, who lives in beijing says, “to be ______ in a sandstorm is _________. it’s difficult to _______ in the strong wind and _____ makes me _____. so if you want to go out, you’d better wear a ______.
the desert is only 250 kilometers away to the west of beijing. to ________ it coming nearer, the government is planting trees.
suggested answers:
the chinese central weather station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in beijing. when the sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out. huang xiaomei, who lives in beijing says, “to be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening. it’s difficult to breathe in the strong wind and dust makes me ill. so if you want to go out, you’d better wear a mask.
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the desert is only 250 kilometers away to the west of beijing. to prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees.
(as to this part, listen to whole passage first, and then listen again paragraph by paragraph. after listening to a paragraph, ask students to look the screen and fill the blanks with their books closed.
step 4 language points in the text
t: now let’s deal with some language points.
◆ you just had to hope you’d survive.
survive vi. continue to live or exist ~ (from sth), ~ ( on sth),
e.g. many strange customs have survived from earlier time.
i can’t survived on 30£ a week.
vt. continue to live or exist in spite of nearly being killed or destroyed
~ an earthquake, ~ shipwreck
survivor n. person who survived
◆as a result of “ desertification”.
…. 由于沙漠化的结果
desert + ify “-fy / -ify” 后缀 变为verb. desertify → desertification
◆ ……… because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
cut sth down (cause sth to fall down by cutting it at base)
~ a tree, 砍倒一棵树,~ trousers, 改短裤子,~ one’s expenses, 减少开支
dig sth up ①break up(soil,etc) by digging, ②remove sth from the ground by digging
dig up the land for a new garden. 为建一座花园而垦地。
we dig up the tree by his roots.我们将树连根拔起。
◆ …… weather experts advise people not to go out.
advise sb. (not) to do sth. give advice to sb; recommend
period 4 grammar (grammar 1&2)
step i presentation
t: look at the screen please. pay attention to the phrases in color. do they have something in common? what is the common thing?
1. to see her is to love her.
2. she likes to play with the child.
3. i am very glad to see you.
4. the next train to arrive was from new york.
5. i stayed there to see what would happen.
s: yes. they all have the word “to”.
t: very good. this is the grammar – infinitive structure we will learn this class. who knows what the infinitive structure is.
s: the infinitive structure is the phrase that has “to do sth”.
t: very good, but not always. infinitive structure has two types. one is to-infinitive, the other is bare infinitive. for example:
you cannot do better than go. (bare infinitive)
to see is to believe. (to-infinitive)
t: ok, let’s look some usages of the infinitive structure
① infinitive structure acts as subject.
e.g. to err is human. (subject)
it takes me ten days to finish this project. (英语中常用it做形式主语,真正的主语是 不定式)
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② infinitive structure acts as predicate
e.g. he is yet to come. (be + to come)
the important thing is to save lives.
③ infinitive structure acts as object.
e.g. she likes to play with the child.
he seems to know the way.
④ the adjective followed by the infinitive structure
e.g. i am very glad to see you.
he is eager to win.
⑤ infinitive structure acts as attribute.
e.g. he was always the first to come and last to leave.
the next train to arrive was from new york.
⑥ infinitive structure acts as adverbial modifier.
e.g. i stayed there to see what would happen.
(doing this with explanation)
step ii grammar 1
t: now please go through the activity 1 and to find all infinitive structures, then tell us if they give essential or extra information.
possible answers:
the wind is strong enough to move sand dunes. the adjective followed by the infinitive structure
we were advised not to go outside. infinitive structure acts as object.
it’s frightening to be cycling to work in a sandstorm infinitive structure acts as subject
there is nothing to be done. infinitive structure acts as attribute
i am the only person in my family to have been in a sandstorm. infinitive structure acts as attribute
to have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience. infinitive structure acts as subject
(ask students to check the answers)
ask students to finish activity 2&3 then call back the answers.
1. it is dangerous to travel during a sandstorm. infinitive structure acts as subject
2. experts hope to learn more about the movement of thunderstorms. infinitive structure acts as object.
3. we were told not to leave the house. infinitive structure acts as object.
4. the work on the house needs to be completed by the end of the week. infinitive structure acts as object.
5. most houses seem to have been destroyed by the storm. infinitive structure acts as predicate
1. to work 2. to learn 3. to tell 4. to be completed 5. to miss 6. to be finished 7. to see
explanation:
① some adjectives must be followed by “to”: glad, sorry, lucky, free, sure, likely, able, afraid, willing, ready, anxious, careful, foolish etc.
② have to means“不得不…….”
③ some verbs must be followed by “to” as objective:like, want, hope,expect, wish, try etc.
④ set phrases: so + adj.+ as to; such (…) as to….; … enough (for sb) to….; too……to…; only to…. ( 表示未曾料到的结果) etc.
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step iii grammar 2
t: please turn your book to page36. at the beginning of the class, i told you that the infinitive structure has two types. one is to-infinitive, the other is bare infinitive. now let’s look at the second type of the infinitive structure. “but + infinitive” is one of the bare infinitive. who knows how to use this structure?
s: we don’t know.
t: if there is a word “do” before the conjunction “but” we should use bare infinitive.
e.g. we have nothing to do now but wait.
tom never does anything but talk.
if there is no “do” before the conjunction “but” we should use to-infinitive.
e.g. they desired nothing but to succeed.
i have no choice but to accept the fact.
t: now, look at the ex.1&2 on page 36 and find the answers.
possible explanations:
1. we do nothing except to talk. ( 可换成 “but”, 但要去掉 “to”)
2. i have to feel very concerned because i can’t do help. ( 我只能担心,因为我帮不了你
help 是名词 )
3. i can’t do anything but wonder what will happen. ( 除了想知道将要发生什么,我不想作任何事情,言外之意就是,我非常想知道将发生什么事)
1. but 2. think 3. choose 4. complaining 5.love 6. nothing
possible explanations:
1. help vt. 应有宾语,所以判断此句中help 是名词,完整形式应是 “do help”.
2. 同上
3. chose vt. 又 因but 后是原型。
4. 因为but 前有"do”
5. 同1
6. do 应有宾语
其他结构:
① 口语中 go ,come 后可不用to
go tell her. 去告诉他吧。
come have a glass. 来喝一杯吧。
② 在than 后不带 to
i would rather go than stay
you cannot do better than go.
③ 在一些固定词组中省去to
hear, make, let, see, 但在被动语态中要加上。
疑问词why 引导的省略句中省去to.
why not try again?
step iv homework
1complete the exercises 1, 2, 3&4 on page 85
2choose the correct answer.
1). such people are_______.
a. respect b. to respect c. to be respecting d. to be respected
2). there is nothing to do but________ till it stops snowing.
a. to wait b. waiting c. wait d. waits
3). i’m sorry ________ you so much trouble. and thank you for your help.
a. to give b. to have given c. giving d. gave
4). tom is said ______ abroad, but i don’t know what country he studied in.
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